11/21/2023 0 Comments Cell diagram labeledThe lipid molecules on the outer and inner part (lipid bilayer) allow it to selectively transport substances in and out of the cell. It is a double-layered membrane composed of proteins and lipids. The cell membrane is the outer coating of the cell and contains the cytoplasm, substances within it and the organelle. One of the few cells in the human body that lacks almost all organelles are the red blood cells.ĭiagram of the human cell illustrating the different parts of the cell. All the organelles are suspended within a gelatinous matrix, the cytoplasm, which is contained within the cell membrane. The cell contains various structural components to allow it to maintain life which are known as organelles. Despite this structural organization, all activity boils down to the cell – a complex unit that makes life possible. Masses of tissue work collectively to form an organ that performs specific functions in the body. A collection of cells that function together to perform the same activity is known as tissue. Other non-cellular components in the body include water, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids), micronutrients (vitamins, minerals) and electrolytes. Humans are multicellular organisms with various different types of cells that work together to sustain life. Examples of cytoplasmic organelles are mitochondrion, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.The cell is the basic functional in a human meaning that it is a self-contained and fully operational living entity. Each type of organelle has a definite structure and a specific role in the function of the cell. Cytoplasmic organellesĬytoplasmic organelles are "little organs" that are suspended in the cytoplasm of the cell. Within the cytoplasm, materials move by diffusion, a physical process that can work only for short distances. All of the functions for cell expansion, growth and replication are carried out in the cytoplasm of a cell. It provides a platform upon which other organelles can operate within the cell. The cytoplasm is the gel-like fluid inside the cell. The nucleus determines how the cell will function, as well as the basic structure of that cell. The nucleolus is a dense region of ribonucleic acid ( RNA) in the nucleus and is the site of ribosome formation. Threads of chromatin in the nucleus contain deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA), the genetic material of the cell. The nucleus, formed by a nuclear membrane around a fluid nucleoplasm, is the control center of the cell. Proteins in the cell membrane provide structural support, form channels for passage of materials, act as receptor sites, function as carrier molecules, and provide identification markers. The cell membrane is a double layer of phospholipid molecules. All materials within a cell must have access to the cell membrane (the cell's boundary) for the needed exchange. It maintains the integrity of a cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the cell. The cell membrane separates the material outside the cell, extracellular, from the material inside the cell, intracellular. Cell membraneĮvery cell in the body is enclosed by a cell ( Plasma) membrane. Within the cytoplasm lie intricate arrangements of fine fibers and hundreds or even thousands of miniscule but distinct structures called organelles. A cell consists of three parts: the cell membrane, the nucleus, and, between the two, the cytoplasm. It includes features from all cell types. For descriptive purposes, the concept of a "generalized cell" is introduced. There are many different types, sizes, and shapes of cells in the body. Today's biologists know that cells are infinitely more complex than this. Early biologists saw cells as simple membranous sacs containing fluid and a few floating particles. Ideas about cell structure have changed considerably over the years.
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